Joint health in dogs

Overview

Just like humans, dogs can become less flexible as they age because of physical changes that occur normally within their joints. As dogs walk, run, and jump, tremendous stress is placed on all the components of the joints. Years of wear and tear break down the cartilage, leading to instability, discomfort and eventually damage the bone, resulting in osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease.

Symptoms

• Stiffness of movement
• Lameness
• Swelling in the joints
• Show signs of pain when touched or held in certain positions
• Show discomfort upon rising
• Difficulty getting up

Prevention and detection

Young or active animals may develop joint discomfort due to disease, injury or inherited conditions, such as canine hip dysplasia. Giant breeds, such as Great Danes and Mastiffs, working dogs and small breeds are subject to joint injuries during their growth phase or times of extreme activity. It is always a good idea to have any lameness examined by your veterinarian, especially if it comes on suddenly. X-rays or specific test may be needed to determine the exact cause before the proper treatment can be prescribed. Never allow a lameness to go undiagnosed.

Treatment

While steroids and over the counter products are often the first choice of treatment for joint discomfort of older animals, there are some simple steps that may help your dog to be more comfortable. Soft bedding is a must. Try periods of short, gentle play to strengthen muscle mass and stimulate blood flow to the joints. Never encourage quick turns and heavy-duty exercise. Experts also recommend gentle massage of muscles and joints when your pet is at rest. Put the food at a level where it puts less strain on the spine or neck. Brush and groom your dog in areas hard to reach.

The future

There are many ways to relieve your pet's discomfort. Steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, can reduce pain, but often result in side effects, such as stomach upsets or urinating in the house. Always make sure that your pet receives the food that is formulated for his particular life stage or lifestyle. There are a number of nutritional supplements now on the market that seem quite safe and efficacious in supporting joint function. Glucosamine and chondroitin, for example, in combination with non-acidic forms of vitamin c such as ester-c can help a dog feel more comfortable without side effects. Always ask your veterinarian about dosage and suitability.