Constipation in dogs

Overview

A dog with constipation has stools that are hard and dry, and although small in size, more difficult to eliminate. While not usually life threatening, constipation should not be ignored as it can be an indication of a more severe disorder, such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, an obstruction of the rectum, or a hernia. Dogs may become constipated if they have blocked or abscessed anal sacs, an enlarged prostate gland, or even tangled hair on the rear end preventing a bowel movement.

One of the most common reasons for constipation is if your dog eats indigestible objects such as hair, grass, or cloth.  These objects mix with feces to form very hard stools that are painful to pass.

Not drinking enough water is a common cause of constipation in older dogs. Even with mild dehydration, a dog's body will pull water away from the colon, creating dry, hard stools.

Symptoms

If your dog is straining or crying out in pain when attempting to have a bowel movement, for more than two days, consult your veterinarian to determine the cause. Dogs with constipation may also exhibit:

• Poor appetites
• Weight loss
• Lethargy
• Blood in the stool
• Mucous covered stools

Your observations and careful monitoring of your dog can help your veterinarian diagnose the problem.

Treatment

Treatment can range from treating the underlying cause of the constipation, to use of laxatives, to surgery to remove a bowel obstruction. Fecal impactions may require enemas and manual evacuation of the impaction. Consult your veterinarian before attempting any home remedies you may be tempted to try they may actually cause more harm than good.

If your male dog is unable to defecate normally because of an enlarged prostate gland, your veterinarian may suggest having him neutered (castrated) if this has not already been done.  After castration, the prostate should shrink over a period of months to make defecation easier.

Prevention

Be sure your dog has access to clean, fresh water at all times and frequent opportunities to eliminate. Good hydration, a good diet (with sufficient fiber), and regular exercise are the best ways to prevent constipation.