Adding another cat

Are two cats better than one? While some cats prefer to be the only feline in the household, many cats thrive amongst their own kind. If you're thinking of getting a companion for your resident cat, careful planning can increase your chances of creating a peaceable kingdom.

Avoid cat behavior problems before they start

It's important to determine the best match for your kitty. Remember, a physically smaller, sexually immature animal will present less of a threat to your existing pet. If you have a young or middle-aged cat, consider a 4- to 7-month-old kitten of the opposite sex. If someone will be at home to supervise, a kitten of 12 weeks also is acceptable. Of course, if the newcomer is a foster or rescued stray, there's little choice in the matter – but you should be aware that some serious fighting could ensue if you attempt to introduce two adult males, especially if they're unneutered.

Before you bring your new cat home, set up a room complete with litter box, toys and food and water dishes. Ideally, your new cat should remain here, isolated from other pets, for a minimum of 2 weeks. This will give the resident cats time to get used to the smell of another feline on their turf. Often the most difficult part of this step is resisting the urge to open the door. But rest assured, your patience will pay off, and it will also give you time to have your new pet vaccinated, if she hasn't already received her shots, and checked for internal parasites and contagious diseases.

Calm cats - No behavior problem here

It's a good idea to introduce the cats when they are calm and relaxed, perhaps after their evening meal. A little swatting and hissing is normal, but you'll need to intervene should the fur start to fly. If a fight ensures, distract them with a loud noise, or cover one of the cats with a thick blanket. A bucket of water can also be used to startle feuding felines. After you've broken up the fight, you should switch the isolation area where the new cat will remain. You may want to install a screened door or panel, or contain the new pet in a cattery cage. This may be helpful for the next scheduled introduction, as it will allow the two to be side by side yet unable to hurt each other.

Remember that it is not unusual to witness the occasional hiss or swat, but be alert for signs of social frustration in your pets. Symptoms of stress vary from cat to cat, and may include aggression, house soiling, insufficient or excessive grooming, withdrawal, overeating, anorexia. diarrhea and constipation. If you suspect that one cat is extremely stressed, it's a good idea to consult an animal behaviorist. In the worst case scenario, one cat may take an immense dislike to another, trying to run her off and block her way to the food and litter box. In this case, finding a new home for the pariah may be the kindest thing to do.